Back to PCBs and Liver Damage Table of Contents

Links to More Information

The American Liver Foundation

http://www.liverfoundation.org/
 

The Canadian Liver Foundation

http://www.liver.ca/english/index.html
 

National Institute of Health – Liver Diseases

http://medlineplus.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/liverdiseasesgeneral.html
 

Liver Function Tests

http://www.gastro.com/liverpg/lfts.htm
 

Clinical Manifestations of Liver Disease

http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual_home/sec10/116.htm

References

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological profile for selected PCBs (Arochlor -1260, -1254, -1248, -1242, -1232, -1221 and -1016) U.S. Public Health Service, PG:134 p YR:1989 IP: VI:ATSDR/TP-88/21 

ATSDR Case Studies in Environmental Medicine, Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Toxicity, Issue 12, June 1990. URL: http://mcni.net/~copa/med/pcbatsdr.htm

Chow CK, Gairola CC. Influence of dietary selenium on the hepatic and pulmonary enzymes in polychlorobiphenyls-treated rats. CANCER DETECT. PREV. 1981, 4(1/4) 135-139 [EPIDEM]

Drinker CK, Warren MF, Bennet GA. The Problem of Possible Systemic Effects from Certain Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. Source: Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Vol. 19, No. 7, (Paper presented at the Symposium on Certain Chlorinated Hydrocarbons, Harvard School of Public Health, June 30, 1937), pages 283-311, 8 references, 1937

Dutch. Biological effects of persistent organic chemicals (chlorinated hydrocarbons). Source: Tijdschr. Soc. Geneesk.; 49(22): 792-796; 1971 ; (REF:19) 

Faux SP, Francis JE, Smith AG, Chipman JK. Induction of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in Ah-responsive mouse liver by iron and Aroclor 1254. Carcinogenesis 1992 Feb;13(2):247-50 Author Address: School of Biochemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.

Francis, Eric, "Conspiracy of Silence: The story of how three corporate giants—Monsanto , GE and Westinghouse—covered their toxic trail." From Sierra magazine, cover story, Sept./Oct. 1994. http://www.planetwaves.net/silence.html

Gilbertson M, Kubiak T, Ludwig J, Fox G. Great Lakes embryo mortality, edema, and deformities syndrome (GLEMEDS) in colonial fish-eating birds: similarity to chick-edema disease. J Toxicol Environ Health 1991 Aug;33(4):455-520 Author Address: International Joint Commission, Windsor, Ontario.

Gladen BC, Rogan WJ, Ragan NB, Spierto FW. Urinary Porphyrins in Children Exposed Transplacentally to Polyhalogenated Aromatics in Taiwan. Archives of Environmental Health, Vol. 43, No. 1, pages 54-58, 27 references, 1988.

GOLDSTEIN JA, HICKMAN P, JUE DL. Experimental hepatic porphyria induced by polychlorinated biphenyls. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL; 27 (2). 1974 437-448 

GOLDSTEIN JA, HICKMAN P, BURSE VW, BERGMAN H. A comparative study of two polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures (Aroclors 1242 and 1016) containing 42% chlorine on induction of hepatic porphyria and drug metabolizing enzymes. TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL; 32 (3). 1975 461-473

Greenpeace webpage on POPS - http://www.greenpeace.org/~toxics/tbg/tbg3.html

Hirayama C, Okumura M, Masuda Y. Hypobilirubinemia in Patients with Polychlorinated Biphenyls Poisoning. Clinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 55, pages 97-100, 17 references, 1974

Kimbrough RD. Laboratory And Human Studies On Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) And Related Compounds. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 59, pages 99-106, 77 references, 1985

Lang V. Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Environment. Journal of Chromatography, Vol. 595, Nos. 1/2, pages 1-43, 465 references, 1992 

Letz G. The Toxicology Of PCB's An Overview For Clinicians. Western Journal of Medicine, Vol. 138, No. 4, pages 534-540, 46 references, 1983

Neal RA. Mechanisms Of The Biological Effects Of PCBs, Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins And Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans In Experimental Animals. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 60, pages 41-46, 43 references, 1985

OISHI S, HIRAGA K. Is a mixture of polychlorinated dibenzofurans an inducer of hepatic porphyria? FOOD COSMET TOXICOL; 16 (1). 1978 47-48 Author Address: Dep. Toxicol., Tokyo Metrop. Res. Lab. Public Health, 24-1 Hyakunincho 3-chome, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160, Jpn.

Peakall DB. PCB's and their environmental effects. Source: Crit. Rev. Environ. Contr. 5(4): 469-508; 1975.(251 references) 

Pond SM. Effects On The Liver Of Chemicals Encountered In The Workplace. Western Journal of Medicine, Vol. 137, No. 6, pages 506-514, 53 references, 1982 

Seki Y, Kawanashi S, Sano S. Mechanism of PCB-Induced Porphyria and Yusho Disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 514, pages 222-234, 26 references, 1987

Simon N, Siklosi C. Effects of Environmental Factors on Porphyrin Metabolism. Berufsdermatosen, Vol. 6, pages 237-259, 19 references, 1974.

Sinclair, Peter, Ph.D. Mechanism of Porphyria Caused by TCDD and Other Compounds. Department of Veterans Affairs_Research and Development, 810 Vermont Ave. N.W., Washington, D.C., United States of America. 1999.

Smith AG, De Matteis F. Oxidative Injury Mediated by the Hepatic Cytochrome P-450 System in Conjunction with Cellular Iron. Effects on the Pathway of Haem Biosynthesis. Xenobiotica, Vol. 20, No. 9, pages 865-877, 62 references, 1990

Smith AG, Carthew P, Clothier B, Constantin D, Francis JE, Madra S. Synergy of Iron in the Toxicity and Carcinogenicity of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Related Chemicals. Toxicology Letters, Vol. 82/83, pages 945-950, 20 references, 1995 

Strik JJTW. Species Differences In Experimental Porphyria Caused By Polyhalogenated Aromatic Compounds. Enzyme, Vol. 16, pages 224-230, 12 references, 1973 

Strik JJTWA. Porphyrinogenic action of polyhalogenated aromatic compounds with special reference to porphyria and environmental concerns. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 16(1): 54-55 1978 (7 References) Author Address: Dep. Toxicol., Agric. Univ., Wageningen, The Netherlands 

Strik JJTWA. Porphyrins in Urine as an Indication of Exposure to Chlorinated Hydrocarbons. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 514, pages 219-221, 5 references, 1987 

Wheeler, Elmer P. (Monsanto) Letter to H. Wilbur Speicher of Westinghouse, October 23, 1959. 

WHO Working Group. Polychlorinated biphenyls and terphenyls. TA:Environmental Health Criteria PG:85 p YR:1976 IP: VI:2