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thyroid references, thyroid citations, thyroid cites
thyroid references, thyroid citations, thyroid cites

References for Thyroid Studies

thyroid references, thyroid citations, thyroid cites

Anonymous, Toxicological profile for selected PCBs (Arochlor -1260, -1254, -1248, -1242, -1232, -1221 and -1016) TA:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry U.S. Public Health Service PG:134 p YR:1989 IP: VI:ATSDR/TP-88/21 

Arnold DL, Bryce F, Karpinski K, Mes J, Fernie S, Tryphonas H, Truelove J, McGuire PF, Burns D, Tanner JR, Stapley R, Zawidzka ZZ, Basford D. Toxicological Consequences of Aroclor 1254 Ingestion by Female Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) Monkeys. Part 1B. Prebreeding Phase: Clinical and Analytical Laboratory Findings. Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 31, No. 11, pages 811-824, 48 references, 1993 

Aulerich RJ, Bursian SJ, Evans MG, Hochstein JR, Koudele KA, Olson BA, Napolitano AC. Toxicity of 3,4,5,3',4',5'-Hexachlorobiphenyl to Mink. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 16, No. 1, pages 53-60, 39 references, 1987

Baccarelli A. Harmful occupational agents and endocrine function: An update on experimental and human data.  Medicina del lavoro Sep.-Oct. 1999, Vol.90, No.5, p.650-670. 115 ref.

Barsano CP. Environmental factors altering thyroid function and their assessment. Environ Health Perspect; VOL 38, 1981, P71-82 (REF: 133). 

Barsano CP, Thomas JA. Endocrine disorders of occupational and environmental origin. Occupational Medicine: State of the Art Reviews July-Sep. 1992, Vol.7, No.3, p.479-502. 258 ref.

Barter RA, Klaassen CD. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase inducers reduce thyroid hormone levels in rats by an extrathyroidal mechanism. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol; VOL 113, ISS 1, 1992, P36-42. Author Address: Department of Pharmacology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66103. 

Barter RA, Klaassen CD. Reduction of Thyroid Hormone Levels and Alteration of Thyroid Function by Four Representative UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Inducers in Rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 128, No. 1, pages 9-17, 48 references, 1994  Author Address: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7417. 

Battershill JM. Review of the safety assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with particular reference to reproductive toxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 1994 Sep;13(9):581-97. Author Address: Department of Health, Health Environment and Food Division (M), Skipton House, London, UK.

Bastomsky CH. Effects Of A Polychlorinated Biphenyl Mixture (Aroclor 1254) And DDT On Biliary Thyroxine Excretion In Rats.  Endocrinology, Vol. 95, No. 4, pages 1150-1155, 38 references, 1974

Bastomsky CH, Wyse JM. Enhanced thyroxine metabolism following cutaneous application of microscope immersion oil Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol.; VOL 10 ISS Apr 1975, P725-733, (REF 16)  Author Address: McGill Univ. Clinic, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A1 

BASTOMSKY CH, MURTHY P VN, BANOVAC K. Alterations in thyroxine metabolism produced by cutaneous application of microscope immersion oil: Effects due to polychlorinated biphenyls. ENDOCRINOLOGY; 98 (5). 1976 1309-1314

Bastomsky CH. Goitres in rats fed polychlorinated biphenyls. Can J Physiol Pharmacol; VOL 55, ISS 2, 1977, P288-92 Author Address: McGill Univ. Clin., R. Victoria Hosp., Montreal, Que. H3A 1A1, Can. 

BENGTSSON B-E. Increased growth in minnows exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls. AMBIO; 8 (4). 1979. 169-170. Author Address: Brackish Water Toxicol. Lab., Studsvik, S-611 82 Nykoping, Swed. 

Berczy ZS, Cobb LM, Cherry CP. Acute Inhalation Toxicity to the Rat of Decachlorodiphenyl. Huntingdon Research Centre, Huntingdon, England, pages 1-11, 1974 

BESSELINK HT, VAN BEUSEKOM S, ROEX E, VETHAAK AD, KOEMAN JH, BROUWER A. Low hepatic 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity and minor alterations in retinoid and thyroid hormone levels in flounder (Platichthys flesus) exposed to the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture, Clophen A50. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION; 92 (3). 1996. 267-274. Author Address: Dep. Toxicol., Agric. Univ., Tuinlaan 5, 6703 HW Wageningen, Netherlands. 

Birnbaum LS. Developmental Effects of Dioxins and Related Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. Toxicology Letters, Vol. 82/83, pages 743-750, 60 references, 1995 

Bishop CA, Van Der Kraak GJ, Ng P, Smits JE, Hontela A. Health of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) nesting in pesticide-sprayed apple orchards in Ontario, Canada. II. Sex and thyroid hormone concentrations and testes development. J Toxicol Environ Health; VOL 55, ISS 8, 1998, P561-81. Author Address: Canadian Wildlife Service, Environmental Conservation Branch, Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario. cab.bishop@ec.gc.ca 

Blanton JL, Taylor MM, Crofton KM, Gilbert ME Developmental exposure to A1254 alters synaptic transmission in the dentate gyrus in vivo. Toxicologist 2000 Mar;54(1):172 Author Address: USEPA, Research Triangle Park, NC.

BOLL M, WEBER L WD, STAMPFL A, MESSNER B. Lipogenic enzymes of rat liver and adipose tissue: Dietary variations and effect of polychlorinated biphenyls. ZEITSCHRIFT FUER NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION C BIOSCIENCES; 49 (9-10). 1994. 65-678. uthor Address: Abt. Zellchemie, GSF Forschungszentrum Muenchen, Postfach 1129, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany. 

Bomhard E. Frequency of spontaneous tumors in Wistar rats in 30-months studies. Source: Exp Toxicol Pathol; VOL 44, ISS 7, 1992, P381-92. Author Address: Institute of Industrial Toxicology, BAYER AG, Wuppertal, Germany. 

Bomhard E, Rinke M. Frequency of spontaneous tumours in Wistar rats in 2-year studies. Exp Toxicol Pathol; VOL 46, ISS 1, 1994, P17-29. Author Address: Institute of Industrial Toxicology, BAYER AG, Wuppertal, Germany. 

Bosland MC, Prinsen MK, Rivenson A, Weisburger JH. Induction of skin and thyroid tumors in male rats by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea after sequential treatment with cyproterone acetate and testosterone propionate: effects of castration, rat strain and time of carcinogen injection. Carcinogenesis; VOL 13, ISS 4, 1992, P669-74. Author Address: Department of Biological Toxicology, TNO-CIVO Toxicology and Nutrition Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands. 

Brouwer A, van den Berg KJ, Blaner WS, Goodman DS. Transthyretin (Prealbumin) Binding of PCBs, A Model for the Mechanism of Interference with Vitamin A and Thyroid Hormone Metabolism. Chemosphere, Vol. 15, Nos. 9-12, pages 1699-1706, 18 references, 1986

Brouwer A. Inhibition of Thyroid Hormone Transport in Plasma of Rats by Polychlorinated Biphenyls.Archives of Toxicology, Supplement 13, pages 440-445, 11 references, 1989 

Brouwer A, Ahlborg UG, Van den Berg M, Birnbaum LS, Boersma ER, Bosveld B, Denison MS, Gray LE, Hagmar L, Holene E, et al. Functional aspects of developmental toxicity of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in experimental animals and human infants. Eur J Pharmacol 1995 May 26;293(1):1-40. Author Address: Department of Toxicology, Agricultural University Wageningen, Netherlands.

Brouwer A, Morse DC, Lans MC, Schuur AG, Murk AJ, Klasson-Wehler E, Bergman A, Visser TJ. Interactions of persistent environmental organohalogens with the thyroid hormone system: mechanisms and possible consequences for animal and human health. Toxicol Ind Health 1998 Jan-Apr;14(1-2):59-84. Author Address: Department of Toxicology, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands. Bram.Brouwer@algemeen.Tox.WAU.nl

Brouwer A, Longnecker MP, Birnbaum LS, Cogliano J, Kostyniak P, Moore J, Schantz S, Winneke G. Characterization of potential endocrine-related health effects at low-dose levels of exposure to PCBs. Environ Health Perspect; VOL 107 Suppl 4, 1999, P639-49 
Author Address: Division of Toxicology, Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, Wageningen Agricultural University and Research Center, The Netherlands. bram.brouwer@algemeen.tox.wau.nl

Brundl A, Buff K. Partial Purification and Characterization of a Rat Liver Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Binding Protein.  Biochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 45, No. 4, pages 885-891, 20 references, 1993

BUFF K, BRUENDL A. Specific binding of polychlorinated biphenyls to rat liver cytosol protein. BIOCHEM PHARMACOL; 43 (5). 1992. 965-970. Author Address: GSF Forschungszentrum Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, 8042 Neuherberg, Germany. 

BUREK CL. NOD H2H4 MICE AS A SENTINEL MODEL FOR AUTOIMMUNE THYROID. Crisp Data Base National Institutes of Health.  Author Address: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, 720 RUTLAND AVENUE, BALTIMORE, MD 21205-2196

Byrne JJ, Carbone JP, Hanson EA. Hypothyroidism and Abnormalities in the Kinetics of Thyroid Hormone Metabolism in Rats Treated Chronically with Polychlorinated Biphenyl and Polybrominated Biphenyl. Endocrinology, Vol. 121, No. 2, pages 520-527, 49 references, 1987 

CARPENTER DO, NIEMI WD, AUDI J. LTP LOSS IN HYPOTHYROID NEONATAL RATS IS EXACERBATED BY THE PCB 2 4 4'. THIRTEENTH INTERNATIONAL NEUROTOXICOLOGY CONFERENCE ON DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTERS, HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS, USA, OCTOBER 29-NOVEMBER 1, 1995. NEUROTOXICOLOGY (LITTLE ROCK); 16 (4). 1995. 753-754.

CARPENTER DO. MECHANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO PCBS  Crisp Data Base National Institutes of Health. Author Address: UNIVERSITY AT ALBANY, SUNY, ONE UNIVERSITY PLACE, B242, RENSSELAER, NY 12144

CARPENTER DO. MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDY OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) AT AKWESASNE  Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health. Author Address: UNIVERSITY OF ALBANY, ONE UNIVERSITY PLACE, RENSSELAER NY 12144 

Casey AC, Berger DF, Lombardo JP, Hunt A, Quimby F. Aroclor 1242 inhalation and ingestion by Sprague-Dawley rats. J Toxicol Environ Health; VOL 56, ISS 5, 1999, P311-42. Author Address: School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York, USA. 

Chauhan KR, Kodavanti PR, McKinney JD. Assessing the role of ortho-substitution on polychlorinated biphenyl binding to transthyretin, a thyroxine transport protein. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol; VOL 162, ISS 1, 2000, P10-21. Author Address: Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. chauhan.kamal@epamail.epa.gov 

Cheek AO, Kow K, Chen J, McLachlan JA. Potential mechanisms of thyroid disruption in humans: interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. Environ Health Perspect; VOL 107, ISS 4, 1999, P273-8 
Author Address: Tulaneavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research, Tulane University, Departmentof Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, New Orleans, LA 70402, USA. 

Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Becking GC, Iverson F, Ritter L, Valli VE, Reynolds LM. Short-term study of the combined effects of mirex, photomirex, and kepone with halogenated biphenyls in rats. J Toxicol Environ Health; VOL 6, ISS 2, 1980, P421-32

Chu I, Villeneuve D, Secours V, Valli VE. Comparative Toxicity Of 1,2,3,4-, 1,2,4,5-, And 1,2,3,5-Tetrachlorobenzene In The Rat: Results Of Acute And Subacute Studies. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Vol. 11, No. 5, pages 663-677, 18 references, 1983

Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Yagminas A, Valli VE. Effect of Phenobarbital and Polychlorinated Biphenyls on the Toxicity and Disposition of 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene in the Rat. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes, Vol. B21, No. 3, pages 229-242, 11 references, 1986 

Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Secours V, Valli VE. Toxicological assessment of chlorinated diphenyl ethers in the rat, Part II. J Environ Sci Health [B]; VOL 25, ISS 2, 1990, P225-4. Author Address: Environmental and Occupational Toxicology Division, Bureau of Chemical Hazards, Ottawa, Ontario. 

Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Yagminas A, Lecavalier P, Hakansson H, Ahlborg UG, Valli VE, Kennedy SW, Bergman A, Seegal RF, Feeley M. Toxicity of PCB 77 (3,3'4,4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl) and PCB 118 (2,3'4,4'5-Pentachlorobiphenyl) in the Rat following Subchronic Dietary Exposure. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, Vol. 26, No. 2, pages 282-292, 28 references, 1995 

Chu I, Villeneuve DC, Yagminas A, Lecavalier P, Poon R, Hêakansson H, Ahlborg UG, Valli VE, Kennedy SW, Bergman A, Seegal RF, Feeley M. Toxicity of 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl in rats following 90-day dietary exposure. J Toxicol Environ Health; VOL 49, ISS 3, 1996, P301-18. Author Address: Environmental Health Directorate, Health Protection Branch, Ontario, Canada. 

CHU I, VILLENEUVE DC, YAGMINAS A, LECAVALIER P, POON R, FEELEY M, KENNEDY SW, SEEGAL RF, HAKANSSON H, AHLBORG UG, VALLI VE, BERGMAN A. Toxicity of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl in rats: Effects following 90-Day oral exposure. JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY; 16 (2). 1996. 121-128. Author Address: Environmental Health Directorate Food Directorate, Health Protection Branch,Tunney's Posture, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. 

Chu I, Poon R. Yagminas A, Lecavalier P, Hakansson H, Valli VE, Kennedy SW, Bergman A, Seegal RF, Feeley M. Subchronic toxicity of PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl) in rats. J Appl Toxicol; VOL 18, ISS 4, 1998, P285-92 Author Address: Health Protection Branch, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Clayson DB, Mehta R, Iverson F. Oxidative DNA Damage The Effects of Certain Genotoxic and Operationally Non-Genotoxic Carcinogens. Mutation Research, Vol. 317, No. 1, pages 25-42, 145 references, 1994 

Colborn T, vom Saal FS, Soto AM. Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Wildlife and Humans Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 101, No. 5, pages 378-384, 142 references, 1993

COLLINS W T JR, CAPEN CC, KASZA L, CARTER C, DAILEY RE. Effect of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) on the thyroid gland of rats: Ultrastructural and biochemical investigations. AM J PATHOL; 89 (1). 1977 119-136  Author Address: Dep. Vet. Pathobiol., Coll. Vet. Med., Ohio State Univ., 1925 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. 

Collins WT Jr, Kasza L, Capen CC. Ultrastructural And Biochemical Effects Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) On The Thyroid Gland Of Osborne Mendel Rats. Animals as Monitors of Environmental Pollutants, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., pages 327-338, 18 references, 1979

COLLINS W T JR, CAPEN CC. Fine structural lesions and alterations in thyroid glands of perinatal rats exposed in utero and by the milk to polychlorinated biphenyls. AM J PATHOL; 99 (1). 1980. 125-142. Author Address: Dep. Vet. Pathobiol., Ohio State Univ., 1925 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. 

COLLINS W T JR, CAPEN CC. Biliary excretion of iodine-125-labeled thyroxine and fine structural alteration in the thyroid glands of Gunn rats fed polychlorinated biphenyls. LAB INVEST; 43 (2). 1980. 158-164. Author Address: Dep. Vet. Pathobiol., Ohio State Univ., 1925 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio. 

COLLINS WT, CAPEN CC. Ultrastructural and functional alterations of the rat thyroid gland produced by polychlorinated biphenyls compared with iodide excess and deficiency and thyrotropin and thyroxine administration. VIRCHOWS ARCH B CELL PATHOL INCL MOL PATHOL; 33 (3). 1980. 213-232. Author Address: Dep. Vet. Pathobiol., Ohio State Univ., 1925 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio 43210,USA. 

Corey DA, Juâarez de Ku LM, Bingman VP, Meserve LA. Effects of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) from conception on growth, and development of endocrine, neurochemical, and cognitive measures in 60 day old rats. Growth Dev Aging; VOL 60, ISS 3-4, 1996, P131-43. Author Address: Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, OH 43403-0212, USA. 

Crofton KM, Kodavanti PR, Derr-Yellin EC, Nace CG, Bush B  PCBs, thyroid hormones and ototoxicity in rats: cross-fostering experiments demonstrate the influence of postnatal lactational exposure.  Toxicologist 1997 Mar;36(1 Pt 2):61  Author Address: Neurotoxicology Division, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, RTP, NC.

Crofton KM, DeVito M, Kodavanti PR, Derr-Yellin EC, Bushnell PI, Padnos B, Ostby J, Gray LE. Developmental exposure to Aroclor 1254 using a maternal 'steady-state' exposure model: hormonal, hepatic, reproductive and neurotoxic effects. Toxicologist 1998 Mar;42(1-S):164 Author Address: NHEERL, U.S. EPA, RTP, NC.

Crofton KM, Rice DC. Low-frequency hearing loss following perinatal exposure to 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1999 May-Jun;21(3):299-301 Author Address: Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. crofton.kevin@epa.gov

Crofton KM, Ding D, Padich R, Taylor M, Henderson D Hearing loss following exposure during development to polychlorinated biphenyls: a cochlear site of action.  Hear Res 2000 Jun;144(1-2):196-204 Author Address: Neurotoxicology Division, MD-74B, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. crofton.kevin@epa.gov

Crofton KM, Kodavanti PR, Derr-Yellin EC, Casey AC, Kehn LS PCBs, thyroid hormones, and ototoxicity in rats: cross-fostering experiments demonstrate the impact of postnatal lactation exposure. Toxicol Sci 2000 Sep;57(1):131-40  Author Address: Neurotoxicology Division, MD-74B, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. crofton.kevin@epa.gov

Darnerud PO, Morse D, Klasson-Wehler E, Brouwer A. Binding of a 3,3',4,4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB-77) Metabolite to Fetal Transthyretin and Effects on Fetal Thyroid Hormone Levels in Mice. Toxicology, Vol. 106, Nos. 1-3, pages 105-114, 44 references, 1996 Author Address: Toxicology Division, National Food Administration, Uppsala, Sweden. 

De Guise S, Martineau D, Beland P, Fournier M. Possible mechanisms of action of environmental contaminants on St. Lawrence beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas). Environ Health Perspect; VOL 103 Suppl 4, 1995, P73-7 (REF: 78) Author Address: TOXEN, Universite du Quebec áa Montreal, Canada.

den Besten C, Bennik MHJ, Bruggeman I, Schielen P, Kuper F, Brouwer A, Koeman JH, Vos JG, van Bladeren PJ. The Role of Oxidative Metabolism in Hexachlorobenzene-Induced Porphyria and Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis: A Comparison with Pentachlorobenzene in a 13-Week Feeding Study. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 119, No. 2, pages 181-194, 44 references, 1993 Author Address: Department of Toxicology, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Desaulniers D, Poon R, Phan W, Leingartner K, Foster WG, Chu I. Reproductive and thyroid hormone levels in rats following 90-day dietary exposure to PCB 28 (2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl) or PCB 77 (3,3'4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl). Toxicol Ind Health 1997 Sep-Oct;13(5):627-38. Author Address: Reproductive Toxicology Section, Bureau of Chemical Hazards, Environmental Health Directorate Health Protection Branch, Health Canada Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Daniel-Desaulniers@isdtcp3.hwc.ca

Desaulniers D, Leingartner K, Wade M, Fintelman E, Yagminas A, Foster WG. Effects of acute exposure to PCBs 126 and 153 on anterior pituitary and thyroid hormones and FSH isoforms in adult Sprague Dawley male rats. Toxicol Sci; VOL 47, ISS 2, 1999, P158-69. Author Address: Environmental and Occupational Toxicology Division, Department of Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. DanielöDesaulniers@hc-sc.ca

Dewailly E, Bruneau S, Ayotte P, Laliberte C, Gingras S, Belanger D, Ferron L. Health Status at Birth of Inuit Newborn Prenatally Exposed to Organochlorines. Chemosphere, Vol. 27, Nos. 1-3, pages 359-366, 14 references, 1993 

Dvorak M, Neumannova M. [The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (Delor 103, 105, and 106) in animal feed on the health of young pigs]. Vet Med (Praha); VOL 32, ISS 7, 1987, P417-28. Author Address: Vâyzkumnây âustav veterinâarnâiho lâekaærstvâi, Brno. 

Emmett EA, Maroni M, Jefferys J, Schmith J, Levin BK, Alvares A. Studies of transformer repair workers exposed to PCBs: II. Results of clinical laboratory investigations. Am J Ind Med; VOL 14, ISS 1, 1988, P47-62. Author Address: Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. 

Facemire CF, Gross TS, Guillette LJ Jr. Reproductive impairment in the Florida panther: nature or nurture? Environ Health Perspect 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:79-86. Author Address: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, Georgia 30345-3301, USA.

Faqi AS, Dalsenter PR, Merker HJ, Chahoud I. Effects on developmental landmarks and reproductive capability of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl in offspring of rats exposed during pregnancy. Hum Exp Toxicol 1998 Jul;17(7):365-72. Author Address: Institut fur Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany.

Feeley MM. Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. III. Endocrine effects. Environ Health Perspect 1995 Mar;103 Suppl 2:147-50. Author Address: Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health and Welfare Canada, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario.

Feeley M, Brouwer A. Health risks to infants from exposure to PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs. Food Addit Contam 2000 Apr;17(4):325-33. Author Address: Bureau of Chemical Safety, Banting Research Centre, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. mark-feeley@hc-sc.gc.ca

Foster WG. Endocrine disruptors and development of the reproductive system in the fetus and children: is there cause for concern? Can J Public Health 1998 May-Jun;89 Suppl 1:S37-41, S52, S41-6. Author Address: Growth and Development Section, Environmental & Occupational Toxicology Division, Bureau of Chemical Hazards, Health Protection Branch, Health Canada. Warren_Foster.hwc@hc-sc.gc.ca

Fowles JR, Fairbrother A, Trust KA, Kerkvliet NI. Effects of Aroclor 1254 on the thyroid gland, immune function, and hepatic cytochrome P450 activity in mallards. Environ Res; VOL 75, ISS 2, 1997, P119-29. Author Address: Toxicology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA. berkeley.jfowleshw1@cahwnet.gov

FOX GA. What have biomarkers told us about the effects of contaminants on the health of fish-eating birds in the Great Lakes? The theory and a literature review. JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH; 19 (4). 1993. 722-736.  Author Address: Wildl. Toxicol. Div., Canadian Wildl. Serv., Environment Canada, E.C.S., Natl. Wildl. Res. Cent., Hull, PQ K1A 0H3, CAN. 

FOX GA, TRUDEAU S, WON H, GRASMAN KA. Monitoring the elimination of persistent toxic substances from the Great Lakes: Chemical and physiological evidence from adult herring gulls. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT; 53 (1). 1998. 147-168. Author Address: Can. Wildlife Serv., Natl. Wildlife Res. Cent., Hull, PQ K1A 0H3, Canada.

Ganem LG, Trottier E, Anderson A, Jefcoate CR. Phenobarbital induction of CYP2B1/2 in primary hepatocytes: endocrine regulation and evidence for a single pathway for multiple inducers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol; VOL 155, ISS 1, 1999, P32-42. Author Address: Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA. 

Gerhard I. Reproductive risks of heavy metals and pesticides in women. Reproductive Toxicology 1993;:167-83

GERLIENKE-SCHUUR A, BROUWER A, BERGMAN A, COUGHTRIE M WH, VISSER TJ. Inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation by hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls. CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS; 109 (1-3). 1998. 293-297. Author Address: Dep. Toxicol., Agric. Univ. Wageningen, PO Box 8000, 6700 EA Wageningen, Netherlands.

GERLIENKE SCHUUR A, LEGGER FF, VAN MEETEREN ME, MOONEN M JH, VAN LEEUWEN-BOL I, BERGMAN A, VISSER TJ, BROUWER A. In vitro inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation by hydroxylated metabolites of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY; 11 (9). 1998. 1075-1081. Author Address: Toxicol. Group, Dep. Food Technol. Nutr. Sciences, Agric. Univ. Wageningen, P.O. Box 8000, 6700 EA Wageningen, Netherlands. 

Gilbert ME, Crofton KM. Developmental exposure to Aroclor 1254 produces a persistent decrement in the magnitude of long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus in vivo. Toxicologist 1999 Mar;48(1-S):288. Author Address: National Research Council, NHEERL, US EPA, RTP, NC.

Goldey ES, Kehn LS, Crofton KM Effects of chemical-induced hypothyroidism on auditory and motor function: preliminary comparison of PTU and PCBs. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1994 May/Jun;16(3):315-6 Author Address: Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. EPA, RTP, NC.

Goldey ES, Kehn LS, Crofton KM. Developmental exposure to Aroclor 1254 causes hypothyroidism and low-frequency hearing loss in rats: attenuation of effects by thyroxin replacement. Neurotoxicology 1995 Fall;16(3):535 Author Address: Neurotoxicology, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC.

Goldey ES, Kehn LS, Crofton KM Developmental exposure to Aroclor 1254 causes low-frequency hearing loss in rats. Toxicologist 1995 Mar;15(1):157 Author Address: Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. EPA, RTP, NC.

Goldey ES, Kehn LS, Lau C, Rehnberg GL, Crofton KM. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) reduces circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and causes hearing deficits in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1995 Nov;135(1):77-88  Author Address: Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ResearchTriangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA.

Goldey ES. Chemical disruption of auditory system development with a closer look at the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1996 May-Jun;18(3):330  Author Address: Department of Biology, Wofford College, Spartanburg, SC.

Goldey ES, Lau C, Kehn LS, Crofton KM Developmental dioxin exposure: disruption of thyroid hormones and ototoxicity.  Toxicologist 1996 Mar;30(1 Pt 2):225 Author Address: Dept. Biology, Wofford College, Spartanberg, SC.

Goldey ES, Crofton KM  Thyroxine replacement attenuates hypothyroxinemia, hearing loss, and motor deficits following developmental exposure to Aroclor 1254 in rats.  Toxicol Sci 1998 Sep;45(1):94-105  Author Address: Department of Biology, Wofford College, Spartanburg, South Carolina 29303, USA.

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Schuur AG, van Leeuwen-Bol I, Jong WM, Bergman A, Coughtrie MW, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. In vitro inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation by polychlorobiphenylols:  isozyme specificity and inhibition kinetics. Toxicol Sci; VOL 45, ISS 2, 1998, P188-94. Author Address: Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University Wageningen, The Netherlands. 

Schuur AG, Cenijn PH, van Toor H, Brouwer A, Visser TJ. In vivo inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfation after exposure of pregnant rats to Aroclor 1254. Toxicologist 1998 Mar;42(1-S):88. Author Address: Department of Toxicology, Agricultural University Wageningen, The Netherlands.

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Seidler H, Macholz RM, Haertig M, Kujawa M, Engst R. Studies on the metabolism of certain insecticides and fungicides in the rat. Part IV. Distribution, degradation, and excretion of carbon-14- labeled lindane.  Nahrung 19(5/6): 473-482; 1975.(11 references) 

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van Birgelen APJM, van der Kolk J, Poiger H, van den Berg M, Brouwer A. Interactive Effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-Hexachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on Thyroid Hormone, Vitamin A, and Vitamin K Metabolism in the Rat. Chemosphere, Vol. 25, Nos. 7-10, pages 1239-1244, 18 references, 1992 

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Van Birgelen AP, Smit EA, Kampen IM, Groeneveld CN, Fase KM, Van der Kolk J, Poiger H, Van den Berg M, Koeman JH, Brouwer A. Subchronic effects of 2,3,7,8-TCDD or PCBs on thyroid hormone metabolism: use in risk assessment. Eur J Pharmacol; VOL 293, ISS 1, 1995, P77-85. Author Address: Research Institute of Toxicology, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. 

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Zahalka EA, Goldey ES, Rehnberg GL, Stanton ME, Crofton KM, Lau C. Neurochemical and neurobehavioral deficits produced by perinatal exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) or propylthiouracil (PTU). Toxicologist 1995 Mar;15(1):243-4. Author Address: Toxicology Program, Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

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Zoeller RT, Dowling AL, Vas AA. Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls exerts thyroid hormone-like effects on the expression of RC3/neurogranin and myelin basic protein messenger ribonucleic acids in the developing rat brain. Endocrinology; VOL 141, ISS 1, 2000, P181-9. Author Address: Biology Department, University of Massachusetts, Morrill Science Center, Amherst 01003, USA. tzoeller@bio.umass.edu 

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